Common Foot Issues That Can Cause Wounds
Foot health is important for mobility and daily activities. Specific foot issues can cause the skin to break down and increase the risk of wounds. Wound care is helpful for maintaining pain and increasing overall health. This overview explains several common problems that can lead to foot wounds and offers basic management strategies.
Foot Ulcers
Diabetes is a primary cause of foot wounds. Wound care helps maintain health. About 1.2 million people with diabetes develop ulcers on their feet every year. These wounds typically form on the bottom of the foot, especially under the big toe or ball of the foot.
The main causes are nerve damage and poor circulation. Nerve damage, or neuropathy, reduces sensation in the feet. Individuals may not feel pain or injuries when they occur. Cuts, sores, or pressure points can go unnoticed and develop into ulcers. Poor blood circulation further impairs healing by limiting the oxygen and nutrients delivered to the tissue. Minor injuries may not heal well and can become infected. Other risk factors include poor foot hygiene, footwear that does not fit well, and improper nail care.
Foot Calluses
Corns and calluses are thickened skin that forms from repeated friction or pressure. Usually, they do not pose a problem, but if left unmanaged, they can crack. Cracks in the skin provide a path for bacteria to enter. Pressure from hard skin may also damage the underlying tissue, creating wounds that are not always visible until they worsen.
Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding flesh. This may result in pain, swelling, and infection. Any break in the skin near the toenails can allow bacteria to enter. Warm, moist environments, such as inside shoes, can promote infection if wounds develop.
Foot Deformities
Foot deformities—such as bunions or hammertoes—change how shoes fit. Bunions are bony enlargements at the base of the big toe, and hammertoes have an abnormal bend at the middle joint. These deformities often create points of friction between the foot and footwear. Friction can result in blisters, which may develop into open wounds if not addressed. Walking on a blister without protecting it or changing footwear increases the risk of the skin breaking down.
Foot deformities, such as bunions and hammertoes, often lead to friction and pressure points inside shoes. This repeated rubbing can cause blisters, which may progress into open wounds if not addressed. Proper footwear that accommodates these deformities is essential to reduce irritation. In some cases, orthotic devices can help redistribute pressure and prevent further complications. Regular monitoring of these areas is crucial to catch any issues early.
Wound Care
Common foot conditions, including diabetes, thickened skin, nail problems, and deformities, can cause wounds if not managed. Regular foot checks, wearing shoes that fit well, proper hygiene, and professional care help reduce the risk of foot wounds. Early attention to injuries and prompt care if a problem develops can prevent complications and support recovery. Find a podiatrist to help learn more about and treat wound care.
